CMS-Flow:Bottom Friction

Bottom Friction

Flow without Waves

In the situation without waves, the bottom shear stress is calculated based on the quadratic formula

     ${\tau }_m={\tau }_c=\rho c_b|U|U$

where $c_b$ is the bottom friction coefficient, $U$ is the depth-averaged current velocity.

Flow with Waves

In the case with waves, the bottom friction is calculated as

     ${\tau }_m=\lambda {\tau }_c$